What happens to Christians when they die?

The spirit of Jesus is the Spirit of comfort and encouragement that says ‘be not afraid’. In fact there are 365 ‘fear not’ statements in the Bible – one for each day of the calendar. Any theological theory that inspires fear or apprehension did not originate from Christ Jesus.

I believe that it is scriptural to say that the soul of every born-again Christian goes immediately to be with Christ in heaven. Come with me on a short journey through the scriptures.

Souls of OT Saints
Let's start with what the Israelite Jews believed. They believed that when a person died they went to a holding place. The righteous went to a place of comfort and the wicked to a place of torment.

Obviously the Old Testament saints Moses and Elijah were not asleep awaiting the resurrection for we see these two men with Jesus on the mount of transfiguration Matthew 17:1-3.

Lazarus and the rich man: In Luke 16:19-31 Jesus told a story about Lazarus (beggar) and the rich man. Both Lazarus and the rich man died. While Lazarus was carried to Abraham's side (a place of comfort and joy) Jesus just said, ‘the rich man was buried’.

Jesus went on to explain that the rich man looked up from torment in hell (vs 23 Greek- hades) and saw Lazarus with the patriarch Abraham. (The rich man begged Lazarus give him a drop of water to lighten his intense thirst. Abraham then informed him that there is a permanently unbridgeable gulf between the two places. )

Jesus on the Cross: Now let's fast-forward to another time. Jesus is hanging on the cross and on either side are two thieves. One asked Jesus to remember him when Jesus came to His Kingdom. Observe closely what Jesus tells the thief, (Luke 23:43) "I tell you the truth, today you will be with me in paradise."

Ephesians 4 tells us that when Jesus died he ‘first of all descended into the lower parts of the earth’. (The thief was promised he would be with Jesus in paradise so both of them were in paradise - the lower parts of the earth).

Now in Ephesians 4:7-12 we have a prophecy concerning Jesus Christ quoted (Psalms 68.18) by Paul. "Thou hast ascended on high, Thou hast led captivity captive. Thou hast received gifts for men, yea, for the rebellious also that the Lord God may dwell among them." Paul continues, "He who has ascended is the same one who first of all descended into the lower parts of the earth. And when He ascended, He led the captivity captive and gave gifts unto men. And to some apostles, and to some prophets, and to some evangelists, and to some pastor teachers, for the perfecting of the saints for the work of the ministry for the building up of the body of Christ. Until we all come into the unity of faith, complete man, the knowledge of the Son of God, the measure, the stature, the fullness, the image of Christ."

Captives of Death
Prior to the death of Jesus Christ, the Old Testament saints could not enter in to the glory of heaven. It was necessary that their sins be put away, something that the sacrifices of the Old Testament could not do. It was impossible that their sins could be put away by the blood of bulls or goats. All of the Old Testament sacrifices only were pointing to the better way that God would provide when He sent His only begotten Son to be a lamb offering, sin offering, a sacrifice for our sins. "So we are redeemed, not with corruptible things such as silver and gold from our vain empty life, but with the precious blood of Jesus Christ who was slain as a lamb without spot or without blemish" (I Peter 1:18-19). So because the blood of bulls and goats could not put away sin but only speak of the better sacrifice which was to come, their sins were covered, and they, when they died, were held by death in the grave or in hades (Gk).

Prior to the death of Christ, those who trusted in the promises of God and in the fulfillment of God's promise were held in a place of comfort called Abraham’s bosom. Now these Old Testament men of faith all died in faith not having received the promise, but seeing it afar off they held onto it and they claimed that they were just strangers and pilgrims here. They were just looking for a city which hath foundation, whose maker and builder is God.

He led the captivity captive: In the book of Isaiah, chapter 61, the prophecy concerning Christ, says, "He is going to set at liberty those that are bound and open the prison doors to those that are bound" by death, waiting with Abraham for the promise of God. When Jesus died, He descended into the lower parts of the earth and He preached to those souls that were in prison. It was the glorious fulfillment of God's promise. The redemptive program was complete. The blood had been shed, whereby our sins are now put away once and for all. And now with their sins put away, they can ascend into the heavenly realm. So when He ascended, He led the captives from their captivity. The story of the rich man and Lazarus in Luke sixteen, the quote in Acts chapter 2 ‘thou wilt not leave my soul in hell, neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see corruption’ vs 27 as well as the reference in 1 Peter 3.19 aboutJesus preaching to those souls in prison and Isaiah 61 all ties in together.

gave gifts unto men: And then He gave gifts unto men. That is, within the church, He gave gifted men as apostles, as prophets, as evangelists, as pastor and teachers, for the perfecting of the saints. Paul quotes this in Ephesians 4:7-12.

Souls of NT Saints
Inspired by the Holy Spirit Paul says, (Philippians 1:21-23) “For to me, to live is Christ and to die is gain. If I am to go on living in the body, this will mean fruitful labor for me. Yet what shall I choose? I do not know! I am torn between the two: I desire to depart and be with Christ, which is better by far; but it is more necessary for you that I remain in the body.”

Notice that Paul says he would rather die so he could be with Christ. That would make no sense if he had to wait until the resurrection to be with Christ.

When we come to the epistles in the NT we see the apostles using the word paradise in two different instances to refer to Heaven.

2 Corinthians 12.4 Paul tells us “How (that) he was caught up into paradise, and heard unspeakable words, which it is not lawful for a man to utter”. Here it is clear that Paul is talking about his experience in heaven.

Apostle John writes in Revelation 2.7 ‘…..To him who overcomes, I will give the right to eat from the tree of life, which is in the paradise of God’.

Pre-Tribulation Rapture
A pre-tribulation rapture of the church is scriptural. During the rapture the alive in Christ will be changed in a split second and those who have died in Christ will be resurrected and clothed with new glorious bodies and reunited with their souls 1 Thessalonians 4.13-18.

Tribulation Martyrs
It’s different for the martyrs of the tribulation period. Revelation 6:9-11 indicates that they will have to wait until the end of the tribulation and the final resurrection to get their glorified bodies. “When he opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of those who had been slain because of the Word of God and the testimony they had maintained. They called out in a loud voice, "How long, Sovereign Lord, holy and true, until you judge the inhabitants of the earth and avenge our blood?" Then each of them was given a white robe, and they were told to wait a little longer, until the number of their fellow-servants and brothers who were to be killed as they had been was completed.

The above quote makes it clear that the souls of the martyrs are in heaven. They are not asleep awaiting the final resurrection. Although it does seem that their bodies are awaiting the final resurrection to receive their glorious everlasting bodies.

Heaven is where Jesus is
The point is not where the soul is but with whom. ‘I know whom I have believed, and am convinced that he is able to guard what I have entrusted to him for that day’ 2 Timothy 1. 12 Where Jesus is, that is heaven for you and me.